• Freinkel first reported in the late s

  2022-04-07

  

  Freinkel first reported in the late 1960s that maternal hypertriglyceridemia benefits the fetus during starvation by increasing maternal consumption of triglyceride for ketone body synthesis giving the basis for “accelerated starvation” theory [4,5]. This maternal metabolic reprogramming during peri

• br Resistance to targeted therapy The idea of

  2022-04-07

  

  Resistance to targeted therapy The idea of treating HER2 mutant tumors with specific therapies is relatively new and, as a consequence, little is known about the potential mechanisms of resistance to anti-HER2 agents in this setting. Primary resistance may be mediated by the presence of on-target

• br Discussion Recent progresses in osteoblast biology reveal

  2022-04-06

  

  Discussion Recent progresses in osteoblast biology reveal that aerobic glycolysis was the main pathway to supply energy and materials that need by osteoblast differentiation [3]. In current study, we showed that LA enhanced the effect of PTH on osteblast differentiation and revealed an unrecogniz

• Pyocyanin Morin is a flavonoid that has shown to have effect

  2022-04-06

  

  Morin is a flavonoid that has shown to have effective anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor function [118]. Morin was able to block the activation of NF-κB pathway by ROS and inflammatory cytokines, preventing a signaling cascade resulting in cell death [121]. Morin exerted its control over the signaling

• An alternative to the chemoenzymatic preparation of glycopro

  2022-04-06

  

  An alternative to the chemoenzymatic preparation of glycoproteins is the production through total chemical synthesis or semi-synthesis [2,3,]. Many successful glycoprotein syntheses are based on native chemical ligation (NCL) [11], a reaction where unprotected peptides and glycopeptides of any lengt

• br Characterization and regional localization

  2022-04-06

  

  Characterization and regional localization of Glu transporters Molecular studies led to the description of five subtypes of plasma membrane Glu transporters termed in accordance to their human or rodent origin (Kanai and Hediger, 1992, Pines et al., 1992, Storck et al., 1992). In humans, these tr

• In summary activated A AR exacerbated the reverse

  2022-04-06

  

  In summary, activated A2AR exacerbated the reverse transport function of endothelial EAATs through a direct or indirect pathway depending on PKA and glutamate levels in response to OGD in vitro, but A2AR inhibition quickly restored the normal transport function. Moreover, the key mechanisms by which

• 5,8,11-Eicosatriynoic Acid receptor br Summary br Acknowledg

  2022-04-06

  

  Summary Acknowledgement GR: A Nuclear Receptor with Widespread Physiological Impact GR, or NR3C1 (see Glossary), is a transcription factor (TF) that regulates gene expression in nearly every cell of the body. A member of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily, its ligand-binding domain confe

• In conclusion enhanced glucagon action of the

  2022-04-06

  

  In conclusion, enhanced glucagon action of the beta cell results in improved beta cell function after glucose stimulation, but simultaneously dissociated responses to both glucose-dependent and non-glucose secretagogues evolve. This shows that the glucagon receptor is complexly involved in beta cell

• Here we examined whether complete

  2022-04-06

  

  Here, we examined whether complete ablation of GIP production could reduce weight gain in the absence of the adipocyte hormone leptin, a condition that results in extreme hyperphagia, obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance, in both mice [24] and humans [25]. We found that Lepob/ob mice be

• br Mechanisms of action Ghrelin is a amino

  2022-04-06

  

  Mechanisms of action Ghrelin is a 28-amino Glutathione (GSH/GSSG/Total) Fluorometric Assay Kit peptide hormone primarily produced in the oxyntic mucosa of stomach, but also in other gastrointestinal tissues [7] (Fig. 1). It acts as the endogenous ligand for the ghrelin receptor [GHS-R1a] and caus

• Similarly Somavarapu and Kepp constructed a PS

  2022-04-06

  

  Similarly, Somavarapu and Kepp [29] constructed a PS1 homology model using 4HYG as a template, plus modeling the TM6-TM7 intracellular segment (amino acids 273 to 374). In this study, the authors considered for the first time the mature and immature (not autoproteolyzed) forms of PS1 component, sinc

• br Conflict of interest statement br

  2022-04-06

  

  Conflict of interest statement Acknowledgements Introduction Galanin is a multi-functional neuropeptide that is widely distributed in the neuroendocrine system and peripheral tissues of various species. This 29-amino-acid peptide (30 in humans) is proteolytically processed from its precurso

• For functional metagenomics based gene screening the DNA

  2022-04-06

  

  For functional metagenomics-based gene screening, the DNA library construction approach is widely used . Fosmid and cosmid libraries are usually used to explore novel genes. Lee et al. reported that a halotolerant and protease-resistant α-galactosidase was identified from the gut metagenome of , a

• We have isolated various bioactive peptides acting

  2022-04-06

  

  We have isolated various bioactive MYK-461 acting by binding to the receptors of endogenous bioactive peptides such as opioid, bradykinin, neurotensin, and complements C3a and C5a etc. [24]. Rubimetide is the first example of an agonist peptide of the FPR2 of exogenous origin. Anxiolytic-like activ

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