• br Materials and Methods br Results br

  2021-10-14

  

  Materials and Methods Results Discussion A model of seizure and excitotoxicity induced by neonatal MSG administration was described recently (19) in which extracellular glutamate increased after the first and second MSG administrations were observed, the greatest increase seen following the

• R406 receptor In the small intestine digestion and absorptio

  2021-10-14

  

  In the small intestine, digestion and R406 receptor of the nutrients are the next processes with an impact on the resulting plasma profile. Normally, neither carbohydrate digestion nor absorption are limiting factors, which is illustrated by the rapid and extensive absorption of glucose in conditio

• br Acknowledgement This work was supported by National Scien

  2021-10-13

  

  Acknowledgement This work was supported by National Science Foundation (21475047, 21705051, 21874048), the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (2016B030303010), the Program for the Top Young Innovative Talents of Guangdong Province (2016TQ03N305) and the Foundation for H

• It should be noted that the applied

  2021-10-13

  

  It should be noted that the applied steered unfolding of the i-motif and G-quadruplex satisfies the conditions of Jarzynski inequality for computations of the free energy change. [41] However, in order to reproduce the free energy with an adequate quality a number of nonequilibrium unfolding transit

• Dysregulation of catecholaminergic neurotransmission particu

  2021-10-13

  

  Dysregulation of catecholaminergic neurotransmission, particularly the dopaminergic system, has long been correlated with the development of neuroinflammation and HAND. Studies specifically examining role of catecholamines in HIV pathogenesis, particularly focused on NeuroHIV, are relatively few. Ho

• Considering that TGF plays a pivotal role in inflammation

  2021-10-13

  

  Considering that TGF-β1 plays a pivotal role in inflammation, renal fibrosis, cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, it has been viewed as a vital mediator in kidney disease [49,50]. Studies have demonstrated that TGF-β1 is upregulated in both human and experimental kidney diseases [51,52]. TG

• A second feature of the Ras type GTPases

  2021-10-13

  

  A second feature of the Ras-type GTPases is that their ‘on’ and ‘off’ states are temporally and often spatially separated from one another. This feature is essential for GTPases mediating signaling and other processes that need to be kept ‘off’ until the arrival of signaling cues. The need to recrui

• br Conclusions In this study we report the genotype frequenc

  2021-10-13

  

  Conclusions In this study, we report the genotype frequencies for GSTT1, GSTP1, and GSTM1 in Jamaican children. The frequency of the null genotypes of GSTT1 and GSTM1 are similar to those of African-Americans in the US. The GSTP1 genotype frequency is closer to that of the African-American popula

• br Introduction br Mitochondrial dysfunction and cancer br

  2021-10-13

  

  Introduction Mitochondrial dysfunction and cancer Lactate and succinate as oncometabolites Intracellular actions of lactate and succinate as tumor promoters Cell-surface receptors for lactate and succinate and their role in cancer GPR109A as the receptor for butyrate and β-hydroxybu

• br Conclusion br Acknowledgements This work was supported

  2021-10-13

  

  Conclusion Acknowledgements This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for challenging Exploratory Research (15K12715) and was a partly supported by Suzuken Memorial Foundation (2014). The authors would like to thank Enago (www.enago.jp) for the English language review. G protein-coupled rec

• An increased sympathetic tone and the hormone

  2021-10-13

  

  An increased sympathetic tone and the hormone glucagon are the main glucose mobilizing factors [28], [29]. Single-cell transcriptome analysis of human islet cells suggests the expression of Ffar1 not only in β-cells but also in α-cells [30]. Moreover, analysis of rat α-cells indicates that FFAR1 exp

• br Conclusions There are a number of

  2021-10-13

  

  Conclusions There are a number of factors that affect the transit of solutes through gap junction channels. Fig. 4 provides a simplified illustration of those factors. First is the cytoplasmic vestibule through which all permeable solutes must pass to gain access to the pore. In an equivalent cir

• Compound and several additional FPR antagonists identified h

  2021-10-12

  

  Compound 10 and several additional FPR1 antagonists identified here specifically blocked fMLF-induced responses mediated via FPR1 in FPR1-HL60 ikk and human neutrophils, but not responses mediated via FPR2 or FPR3 (in human neutrophils and transfected HL60 cells) or Fpr1 (murine neutrophils and tran

• One PKC target that controls

  2021-10-12

  

  One PKC target that controls cortical SirReal2 structure is a well-known actin crosslinking protein, myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS). MARCKS cross-links actin and binds PIP2 and this binding activity is regulated by PKC phosphorylation [82]. Activation of PKC releases MARCKS

• protoporphyrin ix Management of HIV treatment with HIV PIs

  2021-10-12

  

  Management of HIV-1 treatment with HIV PIs can be complicated due to wide inter-patient variability in protoporphyrin ix levels. In certain scenarios, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has been recommended as a useful approach to individualize therapy for HIV-infected patients [[9], [10], [11], [12]

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