• br Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge funding from the

  2019-12-16

  

  Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge funding from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFA0502900) and the National Science Foundation of China (31570188). Compartment Size Regulation Regulation of compartment size is one of the most fundamental issues in biology

• Protein degradation via UPP involves

  2019-12-16

  

  Protein degradation via UPP involves two steps. One step is the conjugation of multiple ubiquitin to a substrate. The other step is the degradation of tagged protein by the downstream 26S proteasome complex. Protein ubiquitination is the E1–E2–E3 enzymatic cascade (Hershko & Ciechanover, 1998). E1-a

• One of the hallmarks of the terminal stages of

  2019-12-16

  

  One of the hallmarks of the terminal stages of apoptosis is the fragmentation of chromosomal DNA that proceeds in a two-step manner: the DNA is initially cleaved into 50–300kb fragments and eventually into oligonucleosomal pieces [12], [13]. The two major apoptotic nucleases are DNA fragmentation fa

• br The major regulator of radiation sensitivity Tumor cell r

  2019-12-16

  

  The major regulator of radiation sensitivity Tumor cell resistance to radiation is a big issue for radiation therapy, and a major concern of radiation oncologist. Understanding the regulation mechanism of radiation sensitivity is still a research hotspot. Increased sensitivity to ionizing radiati

• DNA damage represents a persistent threat to genomic stabili

  2019-12-16

  

  DNA damage represents a persistent threat to genomic stability. A critical link exists between DNA mutation, chromosomal rearrangement and cancer development. In myeloid malignancies, various chromosomal translocations and/or mutations increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), followed by DS

• zcl CXC chemokines are primarily expressed in immune organs

  2019-12-16

  

  CXC chemokines are primarily expressed in immune organs and the central nervous system: the mouse thymus and spleen (Heesen et al., 1996), chicken bursa (Liang et al., 2001), primate (Macaca mulatta) zcl (Federsppiel et al., 1993) and cattle locus coeruleus, cerebellum and pons (Rimland et al., 199

• CYP A and CYP D are among the

  2019-12-14

  

  CYP3A4/5 and CYP2D6 are among the main drug-metabolizing enzymes in humans that are responsible for the metabolism of more than 50% of marketed drugs [19], [21]. Drugs metabolized by CYPs are prone to drug–drug interactions, thereby modifying their response [18], [32]. Metabolic inhibition is also i

• From a mechanistic standpoint the

  2019-12-14

  

  From a mechanistic standpoint, the BCL6 RD2 domain represses the GPR183 and S1PR1 loci by recruiting HDAC2, but not MTA3-NuRD, to suppress the enhancer activation mark H3K27ac at their distal regulatory elements. However, these data do not exclude the possibility that other as yet unknown corepresso

• Introduction BRs are well known

  2019-12-14

  

  Introduction BRs are well known class of steroid phytohormones involved in the regulation of key processes of plant growth and development [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. A lot of attention is driven to BRs in the last decade because of their undeniable functions in promoting NT157 reactions of plants t

• Generally glycines and other small residues such as alanine

  2019-12-13

  

  Generally, glycines (and other small residues such as alanine) present in a helical GxxxG-motif that are facing the same side of the helix form a uniform surface that enables direct contact with a second helix. Crystal structures of multipass membrane proteins have demonstrated that GxxxG-motifs are

• C PHNO has been described as

  2019-12-13

  

  [11C]-(+)-PHNO has been described as a full agonist at both D2 and D3 receptors [54,55]. [11C]-(+)-PHNO was initially developed as a PET radiotracer for imaging the high affinity state of the D2 receptor (i.e., highD2) as a means of measuring synaptic dopamine changes in response to pharmacologic ch

• Acknowledgments We acknowledge the Danish Council for Indepe

  2019-12-13

  

  Acknowledgments We acknowledge the Danish Council for Independent Research (Grant no. 11-105250) and the Carlsberg Foundation (Grant no. 2011-01-0567) for funding this work. Introduction DNA is vital as a biological target to design diagnostic agents as well as therapeutic drugs. The recognitio

• Since the initial identification of DNA ligase inhibitors by

  2019-12-13

  

  Since the initial identification of DNA ligase inhibitors by a structure-based approach [[18], [26]], there have been several reports describing LigI inhibitors using computer modelling and derivatives of the original DNA ligase inhibitors [[49], [50], [51]]. While these studies have shown that the

• Acanthopanax senticosus Rupr Maxim Harms a nontoxic herb bel

  2019-12-13

  

  Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Harms, a nontoxic herb belongs to the family of Araliaceae, which found in Northeast Asia. A. senticosus traditionally used as a tonic to treat rheumatism, diabetes, and hepatitis [7]. Previous phytochemical and biological investigations found its roots and s

• Plant uptake of P from

  2019-12-13

  

  Plant uptake of P from OA could also be affected by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Approximately 80% of terrestrial plant species form symbiotic associations with AMF (Smith and Read, 2010) which can enhance plant P uptake (Facelli and Facelli, 2002, Pearson and Jakobsen, 1993, Tibbett, 2000).

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